USES & Safety
Follows are chemicals used in the manufacture of perfumes and fragrances that have information available online. For more information click on the name of the chemical and it will take you to a link with more information.
National Toxicology Program (NTP) Reports:
*USES:
This compound is used as a fixative for perfumes,
a bactericide (in
conjunction with quaternary ammonium compounds), a insect
repellent, a topical
antiseptic, a solvent for cellulose acetate, dyes, inks and
resins, in organic
synthesis of plasticizers, in germicides, in pharmaceuticals, in
cosmetics
and in preservatives.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound is an irritant of the skin, eyes, mucous membranes
and
respiratory tract [107]. When heated to decomposition it emits
acrid smoke
and fumes [042].
*USES:
Propionates, some of which are used as mold inhibitors in bread
and fungicides
in general; herbicides; preservative for grains and wood chips;
emulsifying
agents; solutions for electroplating nickel; perfume esters; artificial fruit
flavors; pharmaceuticals; cellulose propionate plastics.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound is a strong irritant. It is harmful if swallowed,
inhaled
or absorbed through the skin. When heated to decomposition it
emits toxic
fumes.
*USES: Perfume for ointments; manufacture of synthetic perfumes; flavorings.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound may cause irritation on contact.
*USES:
Manufacturing heliotropin; to modify oriental perfumes; to strengthen soap perfumes; in small quantities together
with methyl salicylate in root beer and sarsaparilla flavors.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
Not available
*OTHER:
Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should
contact
a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health
effects and
potential recommendation for medical monitoring. Recommendations
from the
physician will depend upon the specific compound, its chemical,
physical and
toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and
the route
of exposure.
*USES:
Used in flavors and perfumes
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
Exposure to this chemical may cause irritation of the skin, eyes,
upper
respiratory tract and mucous membranes.
*USES:
This type of compound is used in the manufacture of lacquers,
dyes, esters
for perfumes and succinates and in
photography.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound may be harmful by inhalation, ingestion or skin
absorption
[269]. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of
carbon monoxide
and carbon dioxide [058,269].
USES:
Solvent for cellulose esters and ethers; resins, lacquers,
printing inks,
perfume fixative, nondiscoloring
plasticizer for ethyl benzyl cellulose.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound is a skin and eye irritant.
*USES:
In the synthesis of Vitamin A, ionone and methylionone; as a
flavor adjuvant;
in perfumes and cologne odors.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound is a local irritant. When heated to decomposition
it emits
acrid smoke and fumes.
*USES:
Food industry, lacquers, photography, manufacture of dyes; in
ester form for
perfumes and in organic synthesis.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound causes skin, eye, mucous membrane and respiratory
tract
irritation. It emits acrid smoke and fumes when heated to
decomposition.
*USES:
Manuf dyes, medicinals, varnishes, perfumes,
shoe blacks. Vulcanizing rubber; as solvent.
*COMMENTS:
Severe Poison. Cancer Suspect Agent.
Keep well closed and protect from light.
*USES:
Intermediate in perfume
manufacturing; flavors, ester-type lubricants;
plasticizers, pharmaceuticals, vinyl stabilizers.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound is corrosive and it is a strong irritant to the
skin, eyes and
mucous membranes. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic
fumes.
*USES:
Alcohol denaturant; solvent for pharmaceuticals and perfumes; in paint
removers; in manufacture of flotation agents; octane booster in
gasoline.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound is highly toxic by inhalation. It is irritating to
the skin,
eyes and mucous membranes. It can be narcotic in high
concentrations.
*USES:
Manufacture of benzyl compounds, perfumes,
pharmaceutical products, dyes,
synthetic tannins, artificial resins, photography, gasoline gum
inhibitors
and formerly used as irritant gas in chemical warfare.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This chemical is corrosive and extremely irritating and may cause
burns on
contact with the skin, eyes and mucous membranes. It is also a
lacrimator.
It is an experimental carcinogen. When heated to decomposition it
emits toxic
fumes.
*USES:
This compound is used as a reducing agent in the manufacture of
chemicals,
intermediates, dyes, polymers, phosphors, lakes and textiles. It
is used in
tin galvanizing, as a reagent in analytical chemistry and in
pharmaceuticals.
It is used for silvering mirrors, revivification of yeast and as
an anti-
sludging agent for lubricating oils. It is a food preservative,
stabilizer for
perfume in soaps, catalyst,
soldering flux, sensitizing agent for glass, paper
and plastics.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound may cause severe irritation of the skin, eyes,
nose, throat,
and upper respiratory tract [058]. When heated to decomposition
it emits toxic
fumes of hydrogen chloride [043,058].
*USES:
This compound is used as a synthetic flavoring substance and
adjuvant.
It is used in the synthesis of butyrate ester perfume and flavor ingredients,
in pharmaceuticals, as a deliming agent, in disinfectants, in
emulsifying
agents, in sweetening gasolines, in artificial flavoring
ingredients for
certain liquers, soda-water, syrups and candies. It is also used
for var-
nishes and as a decalcifier of hides.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound is as severe irritant of the skin, eyes and
respiratory
tract [043,062]. It is corrosive and extremely destructive to
tissue of
the mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract, eyes and skin
[269].
This compound is readily absorbed through the skin [371]. When
heated to
decomposition it emits acrid smoke, irritating fumes and toxic
fumes of
carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide [043,058,269].
*USES:
Decalcifier; wool dye reducer; depilatory for hides and tanning;
rubber
regeneration; electroplating; silage and grain preservation;
reactive
alkylating agent for alcohols; carboxylating agent for tertiary
compounds;
dyeing and finishing of textiles; manufacture of fumigants;
insecticides;
refrigerants; solvents of perfume;
lacquers; acetic acid; airplane dope;
allyl alcohol; cellulose formate; phenolic resins and oxalate;
brewing
(antiseptic); ore floatation; vinyl resin plasticizers;
counterirritant;
astringent; laundry and paper industries.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound causes severe burns [025]. It is corrosive to skin
and tissues
[062,099]. It can also cause lacrimation [346].
*USES:
This compound is used as a fumigant and larvicide for tobacco,
dried
fruits and cereal. It is a fumigant for nuts and infected
clothing. It is
also a general industrial solvent for greases, fatty acids,
cellulose acetate,
collodion and celluloid. It is used in organic synthesis for the
production
of sulfa drugs, perfumes, dyes,
military poison gases and embalming fluid.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound is harmful by ingestion, inhalation and skin
absorption
[269]. It has been reported to have been absorbed through human
skin resulting
in death [058]. It may cause irritation [269]. The vapor is
heavier than air
and can travel a considerable distance to a source of ignition
and flash back
[058]. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke,
irritating fumes
and toxic fumes of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and formic
acid [043,058,
102,269].
*USES:
Organic synthesis, especially for polypropylene glycol and
polyester
resins; antifreeze solutions; solvent for fats, oils, waxes,
resins,
flavoring extracts, perfumes,
colors, soft-drink syrups, and antioxi-
dants; cellophane; hygroscopic agent; coolant in refrigeration
systems;
plasticizers, hydraulic fluids; bactericide; textile
conditioners; in
foods as a solvent, wetting agent and humectant; emulsifier; feed
addi-
tive; anticaking agent; preservative (retards mold and fungi);
cleansing
creams; suntan lotions; pharmaceuticals; brake fluids; deicing
fluids
for airport runways; substitute for ethylene glycol and glycerol;
fermen-
tation inhibitor; as a mist to disinfect air; heat exchangers; as
humec-
tant in textiles, tobacco, and pet foods; and in veterinary
medicine as
a glucogenic (orally) in ruminants.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound may be harmful by inhalation, ingestion or skin
absorption
[269]. It may cause irritation of the skin and eyes
[042,058,269]. When
heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of carbon monoxide
and carbon
dioxide [058,269]. It is a lacrimator [099,430].
*USES:
This compound is used as an industrial solvent for gums,
lacquers, paint
removers, paint thinners, vinyl resin coatings, perfumes, nitrocellulose,
acetylcellulose and many resins and oils, as an intermediate in
the manufactur-
ing of pharmaceuticals and artificial leather and in synthetic
flavoring.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound is harmful by inhalation, ingestion or skin
absorption. It
is an irritant of the eyes, skin, mucous membranes and
respiratory tract [269].
It is also an irritant of the nose and throat [058,099,346,371].
It is
narcotic in high concentrations [026,031,421]. When heated to
decomposition it
emits toxic fumes of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide
[058,269].
*USES:
This compound is used as a solvent for waxes, resins, fats,
phenol,
camphor, acetyl cellulose, organic materials and heat-sensitive
substances
such as caffeine. It is used in rubber manufacture, as a
refrigerant, as
an additive to dye and lacquer solutions, in retarding
fermentation, in
organic synthesis, in medicines, in dye extraction, in
chlorination reactions
and in the manufacture of artificial pearls. It is a constituent
of perfumes
and thermoplastics.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound is mildly toxic by ingestion and inhalation. In
high
concentrations, it is irritating and narcotic [043]. Flashback
along the
vapor trail may occur [053,371]. When heated to decomposition it
emits
toxic fumes of hydrogen chloride gas, phosgene and carbon
monoxide [102,
371].
*USES:
This compound is used in organic synthesis to produce dye
intermediates.
It is also used as an intermediate to produce a variety of
derivatives such
as benzoyl peroxide, as a herbicide, as a perfume
fixative, as a polymeriza-
tion catalyst, as a benzolating agent, in the synthesis of
aliphatic acid
chlorides, in organic analysis for making benzoyl derivatives for
identifi-
cation purposes and for acylation (i.e., the introduction of the
benzoyl
group into alcohols, phenols and amines (Schotten-Baumann
reaction)).
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound is harmful if swallowed or inhaled [058]. It is a
corrosive [058,269,275,451]. It is a powerful irritant of the
skin, eyes,
mucous membranes and respiratory tract [031,036,346,451]. It is
also a
lacrimator [031,036,051,275]. When heated to decomposition it
emits toxic
and corrosive fumes of hydrogen chloride gas, phosgene, carbon
monoxide
and carbon dioxide [043,058,269,451].
*USES:
This compound is used in artificial fruit essences and as a
solvent
for varnishes, aeroplane dopes, coatings, plastics, lacquers,
nitrocellulose,
smokeless powders, organic synthesis and pharmaceuticals. It is
used as an
insect fumigant and in the manufacture of artificial leather,
photographic
film and plates, artificial silks, perfumes
and cleaning textiles. It is
also a synthetic flavoring substance and adjuvant.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This chemical is toxic by inhalation, ingestion or skin
absorption
[062,071,269]. It is an irritant of the skin, eyes, mucous
membranes and
respiratory tract. The vapor is heavier than air and can travel a
considerable
distance to a source of ignition and flash back [058]. When
heated to decom-
position it emits acrid smoke, irritating fumes and toxic fumes
of carbon
monoxide and carbon dioxide [043,058,269].
*USES:
This compound is used as a solvent for low-viscosity cellulose
acetate,
natural resins, some synthetic resins and some alcohol-soluble
dyes, in dyeing
leather, in sealing moisture-proof cellophane, in nail polishes,
quick-drying
varnishes and enamels, in wood stains, as a perfume
fixative and as a jet fuel
deicing additive.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound may be an irritant of the skin and eyes [036,058].
It is
readily absorbed through the skin [051,058,269]. When heated to
decomposition
it emits toxic fumes of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide
[058,269].
*USES:
This compound is used as a photographic developer for color movie
film and in perfumes, flavor
industries, pharmaceuticals as a bacteriostatic,
cosmetics, ointments, emulsions, textiles, sheet plastics and
inks. It is
a solvent for dyestuffs, cellulose esters, cellulose acetate,
casein, gelatin,
waxes and shellac. It is used as an intermediate for benzyl
esters and ethers,
as a surfactant, an insect repellent, local anesthetic,
preservative in radio-
pharmaceuticals and preservative in sterile solutions for
intramuscular or
intravenous use. It is used in heat-sealing polyethylene films,
dyeing nylon
filament and in microscopy as an embedding material. In
veterinary medicine,
it has been used for relief from pruritus. It once was used as an
antiseptic.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound may be harmful by ingestion, inhalation or skin
absorption
[269]. After prolonged contact, it may be absorbed through the
skin [058]. It
may be corrosive [071,151]. It is also an irritant of the skin,
eyes and upper
respiratory tract [051,058,269,371]. It may cause irritation to
the mucous
membranes [051,071,269]. When heated to decomposition it emits
toxic fumes of
carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide [058,269].
*USES:
This compound is used in disinfectants, in resins, as a raw
material
for photographic developers, in ore flotation, in fumigation
compounds, in
explosives, in phenol, as an insecticide, as a wood preservative,
in degreasing
compounds, in paintbrush cleaners and as an additive to
lubricating oils. It
is also used as an intermediate in the manufacture of chemicals,
dyes, plastics
and antioxidants. It is used in the manufacture of antiseptics,
phosphate
esters, herbicides and perfumes, as
a solvent, as an engine and metal cleaner
and in the textile industry.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound may be fatal if ingested or absorbed through the
skin. It
causes burns and is readily absorbed through the skin [269]. It
is corrosive
[036,058,295,346]. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic
fumes of carbon
monoxide and formaldehyde [102].
N-BUTYLACETATE - CAS# 123-86-4
*USES:
Industrial solvent; component of apple aroma; manufacture of
lacquer;
artificial perfumes; flavoring extracts; leather, photographic
films;
plastics, safety glass, mild defatting agent; solvent for natural
gums
and a dehydrating agent.
*ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound emits toxic fumes when heated to decomposition. It
is
irritating to the skin, eyes and respiratory tract. This material
is
narcotic in high concentrations.
REASONABLY ANTICIPATED TO BE CARCINOGEN:
There is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of dimethyl sulfate in experimental animals (IARC V.4, 1974; IARC S.4, 1982; IARC S.7, 1987). When administered by inhalation, dimethyl sulfate induced squamous cell carcinomas of the nasal cavity in rats. When administered by subcutaneous injection, dimethyl sulfate induced local sarcomas in rats. When administered by intravenous injection to pregnant rats, dimethyl sulfate induced tumors of the nervous system in their offspring.
USE
Dimethyl sulfate is an industrial chemical that is used mainly as
an alkylating agent to convert compounds such as phenols, amines,
and thiols to the corresponding methyl derivatives (IARC
V.4,1974). It is used in the manufacture of methyl esters,
ethers, and amines in dyes, drugs, perfumes,
and phenol derivatives and other organic chemicals. It is also
used as a solvent in the separation of mineral oils. It is used
as an intermediate in the manufacture of many pharmaceuticals and
pesticides (Sittig, 1985). It also is a component of
polyurethane-based adhesives.
There is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of safrole in experimental animals (IARC V.10, 1976). When given by gavage followed by dietary administration, safrole increased the incidences of liver cell tumors in mice of both sexes. When administered in the diet, safrole increased the incidences of liver hepatocellular carcinomas and cholangiocarcinomas in rats of both sexes and hepatocellular carcinomas in male mice. When administered to infant mice by subcutaneous injection, safrole induced lung adenomas and adenocarcinomas in mice of both sexes and hepatomas in male mice.
USE
Safrole, a naturally occurring substance, has been used as a
flavoring agent in drugs, beverages, and foods and in the
manufacture of heliotropin (IARC V.10, 1976). In 1983, the FDA
reported that safrole or sassafras, the extract or the oil, was
reported to be an ingredient in 113 over-the-counter drug
formulations, generally for topical application but occasionally
for oral administration. Safrole reportedly is also used in soap
and perfumes and as a flavoring
agent in drugs (IARC V.10, 1976). Formerly, it was an ingredient
in pesticides.
There is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of 3-
chloro-2-methylpropene in experimental animals (NTP 300, 1986).
When administered by gavage, the compound caused increased
incidences of squamous cell papillomas of the forestomach in rats
and mice of both sexes. Squamous cell carcinomas of the
forestomach were increased in male rats and in mice of both
sexes.
USE
3-Chloro-2-methylpropene is used primarily as a chemical
intermediate in the production of carbofuran (90%-95% of the 3-
chloro-2-methylpropene produced), a carbamate insecticide used
mostly on corn (USE
PA, 1984, 1985). It is also used in the production of herbicides
(5%), as a textile additive (1.8%), and as a perfume additive (0.6%) (USE
PA, 1985). 3-Chloro-2- methylpropene is also used as a
pharmaceutical intermediate; as a fumigant for grains, tobacco,
and soil; and as an intermediate in the production of plastics,
pharmaceuticals, and other chemicals (Sax, 1987; Merck, 1983).
There is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of acetaldehyde in experimental animals (IARC V.36, 1985; IARC S.7, 1987). When administered by inhalation, acetaldehyde increased the incidence of squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas in the nasal mucosa in rats of both sexes and laryngeal carcinomas in hamsters of both sexes. In another inhalation study using a lower exposure level and in an intratracheal instillation study, no increased incidence of tumors in hamsters was observed. When administered by inhalation, acetaldehyde enhanced the incidence of respiratory tract tumors induced by intratracheal instillation of benzo[a]pyrene in hamsters of both sexes.
USE
Acetaldehyde is used primarily as a chemical intermediate,
principally for the production of acetic acid and pyridine and
pyridine bases, peracetic acid, pentaerythritol, butylene glycol,
and chloral. It is used in the production of esters, particularly
ethyl acetate and isobutyl acetate (IARC V.36, 1985; Chem. Prod.
Synopsis, 1985). It is also used in the synthesis of
crotonaldehyde as well as flavor and fragrance acetals,
acetaldehyde 1,1-dimethylhydrazone, acetaldehyde cyanohydrin,
acetaldehyde oxime, and various acetic esters, paraldehyde,
metaldehyde (a molluscicide widely used to kill slugs and
snails), polymers, and various halogenated derivatives (IARC
V.36, 1985).
Acetaldehyde is used in denatured alcohol. In the past it was a
chemical intermediate for
2-ethyl-1-butanol, glyoxal, acrolein, and acetaldehyde-aniline
condensate (HSDB, 1989).
Acetaldehyde has been used in the manufacture of aniline dyes and
synthetic rubber, to silver mirrors, and to harden gelatin fibers
(Merck, 1989). It has been used in the production of polyvinyl
acetal resins, in fuel compositions, and to inhibit mold growth
on leather (IARC V.36, 1985). Acetaldehyde is also used in the
manufacture of disinfectants, drugs, perfumes,
explosives, lacquers and varnishes, photographic chemicals,
phenolic and urea resins, rubber accelerators and antioxidants,
and room air deodorizers; acetaldehyde is a pesticide
intermediate (Sittig, 1985; Gosselin, 1984).
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